From Antony Esposta
Hydraulic motors are actuators that can rotate continuously and as such have the same basic configuration as pumps. However, instead of pushing on the fluid as pumps do, motors are pushed upon by the fluid. In this way, hydraulic motors develop torque and produce continuous rotary motion. Since the casing of a hydraulic motor is pressurized from an outside source, most hydraulic motors have casing drains to protect shaft seals. There are three basic types of hydraulic motors: gear, vane, and piston. Let's first examine the operation and configuration of the gear motor.
A gear motor develops torque due to hydraulic pressure acting on the surfaces of the gear teeth, as illustrated in Fig. 7-22. The direction of rotation of the motor can be reversed by reversing the direction of flow. As is the case for gear pumps, the volumetric displacement of a gear motor is fixed. The gear motor shown in Fig. 7-22 is not balanced with respect to pressure loads. The high pressure at the inlet, coupled with the low pressure at the outlet, produces a large side load on the shaft and bearings. Gear motors are normally limited to 2000-psi operating pressures and 2400-rpm operating speeds. They are available with a maximum flow capacity of 150 gpm.
The main advantages of a gear motor are its simple design and subsequent low cost. Figure 7-23 shows a cutaway view of an actual gear motor. Also shown is the hydraulic symbol used in hydraulic circuits for representing fixed displacement motors.
Hydraulic motors can also be of the internal gear design. This type can operate at higher pressures and speeds and also has greater displacements than the external gear motor.
As in the case of pumps, screw-type hydraulic motors exist using three meshing screws (a power rotor and two idler rotors). Such a motor is illustrated in
Fig. 7-24. The rolling screw set results in extremely quiet operation. Torque is developed by differential pressure acting on the thread area of the screw set. Motor torque is proportional to differential pressure across the screw set. This particular motor can operate at pressures up to 3000 psi and can possess volumetric displacements up to 13.9 in..
Hydraulic motors are actuators that can rotate continuously and as such have the same basic configuration as pumps. However, instead of pushing on the fluid as pumps do, motors are pushed upon by the fluid. In this way, hydraulic motors develop torque and produce continuous rotary motion. Since the casing of a hydraulic motor is pressurized from an outside source, most hydraulic motors have casing drains to protect shaft seals. There are three basic types of hydraulic motors: gear, vane, and piston. Let's first examine the operation and configuration of the gear motor.
A gear motor develops torque due to hydraulic pressure acting on the surfaces of the gear teeth, as illustrated in Fig. 7-22. The direction of rotation of the motor can be reversed by reversing the direction of flow. As is the case for gear pumps, the volumetric displacement of a gear motor is fixed. The gear motor shown in Fig. 7-22 is not balanced with respect to pressure loads. The high pressure at the inlet, coupled with the low pressure at the outlet, produces a large side load on the shaft and bearings. Gear motors are normally limited to 2000-psi operating pressures and 2400-rpm operating speeds. They are available with a maximum flow capacity of 150 gpm.
The main advantages of a gear motor are its simple design and subsequent low cost. Figure 7-23 shows a cutaway view of an actual gear motor. Also shown is the hydraulic symbol used in hydraulic circuits for representing fixed displacement motors.
Hydraulic motors can also be of the internal gear design. This type can operate at higher pressures and speeds and also has greater displacements than the external gear motor.
As in the case of pumps, screw-type hydraulic motors exist using three meshing screws (a power rotor and two idler rotors). Such a motor is illustrated in
Fig. 7-24. The rolling screw set results in extremely quiet operation. Torque is developed by differential pressure acting on the thread area of the screw set. Motor torque is proportional to differential pressure across the screw set. This particular motor can operate at pressures up to 3000 psi and can possess volumetric displacements up to 13.9 in..
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