FLUID MECHANICS AND FLUID POWER : Board Exam Questions for Diploma
April 2019
Time — Three hours
(Maximum Marks: 75)
(N.B: (1) Q.No. 8 in PART - A and Q.No. 16 in PART - B are compulsory. Answer any
FOUR questions from the remaining in each PART - A and PART - B.
(2) Answer division (a) or division (b) of each question in PART-C.
(3) Each question carries 2 marks in PART — A, 3 marks in Part — B and 10 marks in PART - C.)
PART-A
1. Define specific weight of a fluid.
2. Define Pascal's law.
3. Define uniform flow of fluid.
4. Write any two differences of Francis and Kaplan turbines.
5. Differentiate plunger and piston pumps.
6. List out the important elements of pneumatic systems.
7. Define de-emulsibility.
8. Define hydraulic gradient line:
PART - B
9. Differentiate gauge pressure, vacuum pressure and absolute pressure.
10. Write short notes on hydraulic press
11. State any three assumptions made in Bernoulli's theorem.
12. Derive an expression for the force exerted and work done by the jet on a series of moving plates.
13. Write short notes on FRL unit.
14. Compare hydraulic system with pneumatic system.
15. Explain the working of any type of accumulator.
16. Differentiate metering-in and metering-out circuits.
PART-C
17. (a) Explain with a sketch, the working principle of a Bourdon's tube pressure gauge. Mention its applications.
(Or)
(b) (i) Explain the pressure measurement by inclined tube micro manometer.
(ii) The vacuum pressure in a pipe line carrying water was measured by U-tube manometer. The difference of mercury between the limbs is 0.05m and the free surface of mercury in the open limb is 0.1m below the centre line of the pipe. Find the absolute pressure head in the pipe in terms of metre of water.
18. (a) A pipe line is carrying water at a point A the diameter is 600mm, the pressure is 70 kN/m2 and the velocity is 2.4 m/sec. At another point B which is 2m higher then A in the same pipe, the diameter is 300mm and the pressure is 14 kN/m2. Determine the direction of flow.
(Or)
(b) (i) Derive the Chezy's formula for the loss of head due to friction in pipes.
(ii) A pipe of 1m diameter and 1 km long delivers water to a town at the rate of 10 m/sec. Calculate the loss of head due to friction if f = 0.04.
19. (a). With a neat sketch, explain the working of Pelton wheel.
(Or)
(b) Explain the construction and working of submersible pump with neat sketch.
20. (a) Draw a pneumatic circuit for the direct control of single acting cylinder and explain.
(Or)
(b) Draw the pneumatic circuit for the automatic operation of double acting cylinder and explain.
21. (a) (i) Explain spring loaded accumulator with sketch.
(ii) Explain the working of pressure intensifier with . a neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) (i) Explain the operation of internal gear pump with neat sketch.
(ii). Explain the hydraulic circuit with ISO symbols for the quick return motion of a shaper.
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October 2019
PART - A
1. Which fluid is called Newtonian fluid?
2. What are the advantages of micro manometer?
3. Define steady flow of fluid.
4. Define the term impact of jet.
5. What is priming?
6. What is the function of check valve?
7. What is throttle valve?
8. What is cracking pressure of valve?
PART - B
9. Name any four properties of a fluid and state their units.
10. State Bernoulli's theorem.
11. State the function of accumulator,
12. What are the surge tanks? Name the different types of surge tank.
13. What is an air-vessel? What are its functions?
14 Explain the working of a shuttle valve with a neat sketch.
15. State any three merits and any three applications of pneumatic system.
16. Define Cc, Cd, and Cv
PART - C
17. (a) (i) Explain the working of a diaphragm pressure gauge with a neat sketch.
(ii) Explain the working of a hydraulic jack with a neat sketch.
(Or)
An U-tube differential manometer connects two pressure pipe A and B, the pipe A contains carbon tetra-chloride having a specific gravity of 1.640 under a pressure of 128 kN/m2. The pipe B contains oil of specific gravity of 0.85 under a pressure of 270 kN/m2. The pipe 'A' lies 3 meters above pipe 'B'. The centre of the pipe B is at the level of mercury in the limb which connects the pipe A. Find the difference in the levels of mercury.
18. (a) A venturimeter is connected to vertical pipe line carrying water. The inlet and throat diameters are 220 mm and 110 mm respectively. The differential manometer connected to the inlet and throat of venturimeter gives a reading of 260 mm. Determine the rate of discharge of water in litres per second. Cd=0.98.
(Or)
(b) Derive Darcy-Weisbach equation for the loss of head due to friction in pipes.
19. (a) (i) Explain the construction and working of Francis turbine.
(ii) Find the force exerted by a 50 mm diameter jet directed against a flat plate held normal to the direction of the jet, when the jet velocity is 40 m/s and the plate is stationary.
(Or)
(b) (i) Describe the working of a jet pump with a neat sketch.
(ii) State the different types of impellers used in centrifugal pumps. Explain any one in detail.
20. (a) (i) Explain FRL unit with a neat sketch.
(ii) Explain the needle valve with a neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) (i) Explain the use of quick exhaust valve with a pneumatic circuit.
(ii) Draw and explain the operation of a double acting cylinder with metering-in control.
21. (a) (i) Explain the working of vane pump with a neat sketch.
(ii) Explain gas filled bladder type accumulator with a neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) Draw and explain hydraulic circuit for milling machine.
April 2017
PART-A
1. Define viscosity of a fluid.
2. State Pascal’s law.
3. What is an orifice?
4. Define co-efficient of contraction.
5. What is a draft tube?
6. Draw the ISO symbol of 5/3 DCV.
7. What is the use of accumulator?
8. Define negative slip. In which type of pumps it will occur?
PART—B
9. Distinguish between cohesion and adhesion.
10. Define wetted perimeter and hydraulic radius.
11. Differentiate impulse and reaction turbines.
12. Describe about indicator diagram.
13. List out the elements of pneumatic system with a line diagram.
14. What is the purpose of quick exhaust valves used in pneumatics
system?
15. State any three advantages of hydraulic system.
16. What are the objectives of adding additives to hydraulic oil?
PART-C
17. (a) (i) Explain the terms atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure
and vacuum pressure.
(ii) Explain the working of hydraulic press with neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) (I) Explain the working of dead weight pressure gauge with a
simple sketch.
(ii) An inverted U-tube differential manometer is connected to
measure the difference of pressure between two points of horizontal pipe line
carrying water. The gauging liquid is an oil of specific gravity 0.8. Find the
difference of pressures, if the manometer reading is 0.4 m.
18. (a) (i) Derive Chezy’s formula for the loss of head due to
friction in pipes.
(ii) Compare the velocities of flow of water in two pipes of
diameter 160mm and 220mm respectively, when the loss of head due to friction,
length of pipe and the value of ‘f’ are same for each pipe.
(Or)
(b) (i) State the laws of fluid friction in laminar flow.
(ii) State the advantages and Limitations of Bernoulli’s theorem.
19. (a) (i) Explain the working of impulse turbine with a neat
sketch.
(ii) Compare piston and plunger pumps.
(Or)
(b) (I) Explain any one type of casing employed in centrifugal
pumps.
(ii) State the advantages of air vessels used in reciprocating
pumps.
20. (a) (i) Explain the working of a 5/2 DCV in pneumatics.
(ii) Draw the circuit diagram for the operation of a double acting
cylinder with metering-in control.
(Or)
(b) Explain the automatic operation of double acting cylinder with
a circuit.
21. (a) (i) Explain the working of internal gear pump with a
simple sketch.
(ii) Explain the working of any one type of accumulator with
sketch.
(Or)
(b) (i) Explain the table movement of milling machine with a
hydraulic circuit.
(ii) Compare pneumatic and hydraulic systems.
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321
October 2017
PART-A
1. What is meant by pressure head? (October 2017)
2. Define compressibility. (October 2017)
3. What is turbulent flow? (October 2017)
4. Write down the formula to find the theoretical discharge of a
double acting reciprocating pump. (October 2017)
5. What are the different types of impellers used in centrifugal
pumps? (October 2017)
6. Draw the ISO symbol of FRL unit. (October 2017)
7. What is 3/2 DCV? (October 2017)
8. State any two demerits of hydraulic systems. (October 2017)
PART-B
9. Explain the method of measuring local atmospheric pressure.
(October 2017)
10. What is continuity equation? Explain. (October 2017)
11. State Bernoulli’s theorem and write its few applications.
(October 2017)
12. Write the expression for the work done by the jet on a
series of moving plates on the circumference of a revolving wheel. (October
2017)
13. State the difference between Kaplan turbine and Francis
turbine. (October 2017)
14. What is FRL unit? Explain briefly. (October 2017)
15. Explain the working of a pressure regulator. (October 2017)
16. List out the elements of hydraulic system with a line
diagram. (October 2017)
PART-C
17. (a) (i) A gauge fitted to a compressor shows a reading of
3OkN/m2. Compare the corresponding absolute pressure in (a)kN/m2 and
(b) “m” of water. (October 2017)
(ii) Explain the working of hydraulic jack with a neat sketch.
(October 2017)
(Or)
(b) (I) What are the precautions to be followed in setting up
and
operation of manometer? (October 2017)
(ii) Explain the working of Bourdon tube pressure gauge with a
simple sketch. (October 2017)
18. (a) (i) What are the hydraulic co-efficients? Explain
briefly. (October 2017)
(ii) Using Chezy’s formula, determine the head lost due to
friction in a pipe of 80mm diameter and 35m length. The velocity of flow is 2
m/s and C=100. (October 2017)
(Or)
(b) (i) Compare Venturimeter and Orificemeter. (October 2017)
(ii) Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe line of length 500m.
The difference in level between the reservoirs is l0 m. If the maximum
discharge is 0.2m3/s, calculate the required size of the pipe.
Assume f=0.005. (October 2017)
19. (a) A jet of water 80 mm diameter moves with a velocity of
15 m/s and strikes a series of vanes moving with a velocity of l0 m/s. Find (a)
the force exerted by the jet, (b) work done by the jet per second and (c)
efficiency of the jet. (October 2017)
(Or)
(b) Explain the governing of Pelton wheel with a neat sketch.
(October 2017)
20. (a) (i) Explain the use of shuttle valve in pneumatic
circuits. (October 2017)
(ii) List out the merits of pneumatic system. (October 2017)
(Or)
(b) (i) Explain the working of 5/2 DCV with a neat sketch.
(October 2017)
(ii) Draw the circuit diagram for the direct control of single
acting cylinder and explain. (October 2017)
21. (a) (i) Explain the spring loaded type accumulator. (October
2017)
(ii) Explain radial piston pump with sketch. (October 2017)
(Or)
(b) (i) Explain the various essential qualities of a good
hydraulic fluid. (October 2017)
(ii) Explain the hydraulic circuit
used for the table movement of a surface grinding machine. (October 2017)
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484, April 2018
PART - A
1. Define: Specific volume.
2. Define: Pressure head of a liquid.
3. What is meant by stream line?
4. List out the minor energy tosses.
5. A jet of water 0.25 m diameter is moving with a velocity of 30 m/sec. Find the force exerted by the jet on a fixed plate held normal to the jet.
6. List few machines using hydraulic intensifiers.
7. What is the use of quick exhaust valve?
8. What is meant by cavitation?
PART - B
9. Express 120 kN/m2 of pressure in ‘m’ of water and ‘mm’ of mercury.
10. What are the assumptions of Bernoulli’s theorem?
11. Compare piston pump and plunger pump.
12. Explain quick exhaust valve.
13. Describe with a sketch about external gear pump.
14. What are the advantages of mechanical gauges?
15. Water flows with a velocity of 5 m/sec. in a pipe of 1m diameter and 1 km long. Find Chezy’s constant, if the loss of head due to friction is 10 m of water.
16. Explain shuttle valve with a neat sketch.
PART C
1. Define: Specific volume.
2. Define: Pressure head of a liquid.
3. What is meant by stream line?
4. List out the minor energy tosses.
5. A jet of water 0.25 m diameter is moving with a velocity of 30 m/sec. Find the force exerted by the jet on a fixed plate held normal to the jet.
6. List few machines using hydraulic intensifiers.
7. What is the use of quick exhaust valve?
8. What is meant by cavitation?
PART - B
9. Express 120 kN/m2 of pressure in ‘m’ of water and ‘mm’ of mercury.
10. What are the assumptions of Bernoulli’s theorem?
11. Compare piston pump and plunger pump.
12. Explain quick exhaust valve.
13. Describe with a sketch about external gear pump.
14. What are the advantages of mechanical gauges?
15. Water flows with a velocity of 5 m/sec. in a pipe of 1m diameter and 1 km long. Find Chezy’s constant, if the loss of head due to friction is 10 m of water.
16. Explain shuttle valve with a neat sketch.
PART C
17. (a) State Pascal’s law. Give any two examples where this principle is applied.
(Or)
(b) A simple U-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure of water in a pipeline. The mercury level in the open tube is 70 mm higher than that on the left tube. The height of water in the left tube is 50 mm. Find the pressure in the pipe in (a) metre of water (b) kN/m2.
18. (a) A 10 cm diameter orifice fitted to a tank discharges 2.34 m3/min of water under a constant head of 3 m. The diameter of the jet at vena-contracta is found to be 8.25 cm. Find Cd, Cc, and Cv.
(Or)
(b) Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe tine of Length 500 m. The difference in water level between the reservoirs is 10 m. The maximum discharge is 20 m3/sec. Find the required size of the pipe, if the co-efficient of fiction is 0.02.
19. (a) State the types of surge tank. Draw a neat sketch of any two types and explain their working principles.
(Or)
(b) Explain with a neat sketch about the construction and working of air vessel.
20. (a) Explain the working principle of a pressure reducing valve with a neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) Draw a pneumatic circuit diagram for the direct control of single acting cylinder and explain.
21. (a) Explain about the different types of directional control valves with neat sketches.
(Or)
(b) Draw a hydraulic circuit of a shaping machine and explain its working.
(Or)
(b) A simple U-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure of water in a pipeline. The mercury level in the open tube is 70 mm higher than that on the left tube. The height of water in the left tube is 50 mm. Find the pressure in the pipe in (a) metre of water (b) kN/m2.
18. (a) A 10 cm diameter orifice fitted to a tank discharges 2.34 m3/min of water under a constant head of 3 m. The diameter of the jet at vena-contracta is found to be 8.25 cm. Find Cd, Cc, and Cv.
(Or)
(b) Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe tine of Length 500 m. The difference in water level between the reservoirs is 10 m. The maximum discharge is 20 m3/sec. Find the required size of the pipe, if the co-efficient of fiction is 0.02.
19. (a) State the types of surge tank. Draw a neat sketch of any two types and explain their working principles.
(Or)
(b) Explain with a neat sketch about the construction and working of air vessel.
20. (a) Explain the working principle of a pressure reducing valve with a neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) Draw a pneumatic circuit diagram for the direct control of single acting cylinder and explain.
21. (a) Explain about the different types of directional control valves with neat sketches.
(Or)
(b) Draw a hydraulic circuit of a shaping machine and explain its working.
573 October 2018
PART - A
1. Define vacuum pressure.
2. What is piezometer?
3. What is continuity equation?
4. What is the value of datum head when the pipe is in horizontal position?
5. What is slip and negative slip?
6. Draw the ISO symbol of quick exhaust valve.
7. What is meant by 3/2 DCV?
8. What are the basic elements of hydraulic systems?
PART - B
9. A gauge records a pressure of 20kN/m2. Calculate the corresponding
absolute pressure in kN/m2 and metre of water.
10. Compare laminar flow and turbulent flow.
11. List out the minor losses occurred in the pipe line flow.
12. What is an indicator diagram?
13. Derive an expression for the force exerted and work done by the jet
on a series of moving blades.
14. Define flash point and fire point of liquid.
15. Explain the working of 4/2 DCV used in hydraulic systems. 16. Describe the working of shuttle valve.
PART - C
17. (a) (i) Write short notes on hydraulic jack.
(ii) An U tube monometer containing mercury has its right limb open to atmosphere. The left limb is connected to a pipe containing water under pressure, the centre of which is in level with the free surface of mercury. The difference in levels of mercury is 50mm. Calculate the pressure of water in the pipe in (i) kN/m2 and (ii) 'm' of water.
(Or)
(b) A differential manometer connected to two pipes reads 0.25 m of mercury. Water flows through one pipe and oil through the other. Find the pressure difference between two pipes, if the level of pipes is same. The pressure of water is greater then the pressure of oil and the height of water column from the centre of the pipe is 0.45m. Take relative density of oil is 0.8.
18. (a) (i) What are the hydraulic co-efficient? Explain.
(ii) The ratio between length and diameter of the pipe is 500. Determine the head lost due to friction, if the velocity of water is 4m/s. Take Chezy's constant as 96.
(Or)
(b) A hydraulic machine is supplied with 300 lps of water through a horizontal pipe of 250 m long and 300 mm diameter. Find the power supplied to the machine, if the pressure at the entrance is 0.5 N/mm2. Take f=0.01.
19. (a) (i) Explain the construction and working of Kaplan turbine with neat sketch. (ii) Differentiate impulse and reaction turbines,
(Or)
(b) Describe multi stage pump with (i)Impellers in parallel and (ii)Impellers in series.
20. (a) What is pneumatic system? Explain the main elements of the system with a sketch.
(Or)
(b) Draw and explain the circuit diagram for the operation of a double acting cylinder with metering-out-control.
21. (a) What is hydraulic motor? Explain.
(ii) Explain the working of radial piston pump with neat sketch.
(Or)
(b) (i) Describe viscosity and lubricity of fluids.(ii) Draw the hydraulic circuit with ISO symbols for the table movement of a surface grinder
628
April 2016
Time - Three hours
(Maximum Marks: 75)
(N.B: (1) Answer any fifteen questions in PART — A and division (A) or division (B) of each question in PART - B.
(2) Each question carries 1 (one) mark in PART - A and 12 (twelve) marks in PART - B.I
PART—A
1. Define ideal fluid.
2. What is pressure head of a fluid?
3. Define Pascal’s law.
4. What is the use of dead weight pressure gouge?
5. What is turbulent flow?
6. Mention any two energy losses not considered in Bernoulli’s theorem.
7. Define Bernoulli’s theorem.
8. What is wetted perimeter?
9. Differentiate impulse and reaction turbines.
10. What i the function of surge tank?
11. What is cavitation?
12. What is negative slip?
13. What is FRL unit?
14. What is the function of a relief valve?
15. Draw the ISO symbol of 3/2 DCV.
16. Mention any two applications of pneumatic system.
17. What is lubricity of a fluid?
18. What is accumulator?
19. When the pressure intensifiers to be used in hydrciuLics system?
20. Mention any two applications of hydraulic system.
PART — B
21. (A) (i) Define (a) Specific gravity (b) cohesion.
(ii) Explain hydraulic lift with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (i) An U-tube differential manometer connects two pipes A and
B. The pipe A contains on oiL of specific gravity 1.59 under a pressure of l00 kN/m2, The pipe B contains water under a pressure of 80 kN/m2, The pipe A lies 2 m above the pipe B. The centre of the pipe B is 0.5 m above the mercury level in the limb which connects pipe A. Find the difference in levels of the mercury.
(ii) Explain the operation of diaphragm type pressure gauge with sketch.
22. (A) (i) What are the assumptions made in Bernoulli’s theorem?
(ii) Water is supplied to a factory from a hydro power station by means of a pipe Line of 200mm diameter and 12 km long. The pressure at the power station is 45000 kN/m2. Find the maximum power that can be transmitted to the factory. Assume F=0.028.
(Or)
(B) (i) The difference of heads between the two ends of a pipe 400 m long and 480 mm diameter is 1.5 m. Taking Darcy’s coefficient as 0.04, calculate the discharge through the pipe. Neglect minor losses.
(ii) Explain any two minor losses occurred in fluid flow.
23. (A) (i) A jet of water 80mm diameter moves with a velocity of 15 m/s and strikes a series of vanes moving with ci velocity of l0 m/sec. Find (a) The force exerted by the jet (b) Work done by the jet and (c) Co-efficient of jet.
(ii) Explain the working of a jet pump with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (I) Explain the working of multi-stage centrifugal pumps with neat sketches.
(ii) The piston of a single acting pump has a diameter of 100 mm and a stroke of 200 mm. The pump raises the water to a height of 20 m at 50 rpm. Calculate the theoretical discharge and power required if the efficiency is 90%.
24. (A) (i) Explain the working of 5/3 DCV with neat sketch.
(ii) Explain the uses of shuttle valve in pneumatic system with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (i) Explain the merits and demerits of pneumatic systems.
(ii) Explain the automatic operation of double acting cylinder with neat sketch.
25. (A) (I) Explain any one type of accumulator with neat sketch.
(ii) Explain the working of vane pump with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (i) Explain the hydraulic circuit for milling machine tabLe movement with neat sketch.
(ii) Compare hydraulic and pneumatic systems.
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October 2016
Time — Three hours
(Maximum Marks: 75)
(N.B: (1) Answer any fifteen questions in PART — A and division (A) or division (B) of each question in PART - B.
(2) Each question carries 1 (one) mark in PART — A and 12 (twelve) marks in PART - B.)
PART-A
1. Define absolute pressure.
2. Define Pascal’s law.
3. What is pressure head?
4. What is the use of micro manometer?
5. What is laminar flow?
6. State any two assumptions are considered in deriving Bernoulli’s theorem.
7. What is wetted perimeter?
8. What are the types of venturimeter?
9. Differentiate Francis and Kaplan turbines.
10. What is the purpose of draft tube?
11. Why do you need to priming?
12. Define slip.
13. Draw the ISO symbol for FRL unit.
14. What is the use of quick exhaust valve?
15. What is meant by 5/3 DCV?
16. Write any two demerits of pneumatic system.
17. What is Lubricity of fluid?
18. What is pressure intensifier?
19. Draw the ISO symbol of 4/2 DCV.
20. Mention any two service properties of hydraulic fluid.
PART-B
21. (A) (I) Explain about diaphragm pressure gauge.
(ii) Explain about hydraulic press with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (i) Explain about gauge pressure, vacuum pressure, atmosphere pressure and absolute pressure.
(ii) A pipe contains an oil of specific gravity 0.8. A differential manometer connected at the two points A and B of the pipe shows a difference in mercury level as 20 cm. Find the difference of pressure at the two points.
22. (A) Derive an expression for the discharge through venturimeter.
(Or)
(B) (I) Using Chezy’s formula, find the loss of head due to friction in a circular pipe 40m long and 100mm diameter when the velocity of flow is 2.4 m/sec. Take C=100.
(ii) Explain any four minor losses occurred in flow through pipes.
23. (A) (i) A jet of water 65mm diameter moves with a velocity of 12m/s and strikes a series of vanes moving with a velocity of 9m/s. Find (a)co-efficient of jet (b)force exerted by the jet (c)work done by the jet.
(ii) Explain the working of submersible pump with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (I) Explain the working principle of reciprocating pump with neat sketch.
(ii) A double acting reciprocating pump having a piston area 0.2 m2 has a stroke of 0.4 m. The pump is discharging 50 lps water at 50 rpm through a total height of l0 m. Find (i)the slip of the piston (ii)power required to drive the pump.
24. (A) (i) Explain about the uses of quick exhaust valves in pneumatic systems with neat sketches.
(ii) Explain about FRL unit with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (i) Explain the operation of double acting cylinder with metering in control with neat sketch.
(ii) List out the applications of pneumatic system.
25. (A) (i) Explain about gas filled accumulator with neat sketches.
(ii) Explain about radial piston pump with neat sketch.
(Or)
(B) (i) Explain about hydraulic circuit for table movement in surface grinding machine.
ii Draw a spring loaded type accumulator and mark the parts
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